Disneyland, Walt Disney's capital of nostalgia,
fantasy, and futurism, opened on July 17, 1955. The $17 million theme park was
built on 160 acres of former orange groves in Anaheim, California, and quickly
brought in staggering profits. Today, Disneyland hosts more than 14 million
visitors a year, who spend close to $3 billion.
Walt Disney, born in Chicago in 1901, worked as a
commercial artist before setting up a small studio in Los Angeles to produce
animated cartoons. In 1928, his short film Steamboat Willy, starring the
character "Mickey Mouse," was a national sensation. It was the first
animated film to use sound, and Disney provided the voice for Mickey. From
there on, Disney cartoons were in heavy demand, but the company struggled
financially because of Walt's insistence on ever-improving artistic and
technical quality. His first feature-length cartoon, Snow White and the Seven
Dwarfs (1938), took three years to complete and was a enormous success.
Snow White was followed by other feature-length
classics for children, such as Pinocchio (1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi
(1942). Fantasia (1940), which coordinated animated segments with famous
classical music pieces, was an artistic and technical achievement. In Song of
the South (1946), Disney combined live actors with animated figures, and
beginning with Treasure Island in 1950 the company added live-action movies to
its repertoire. Disney was also one of the first movie studios to produce film
directly for television, and its Zorro and Davy Crockett series were very
popular with children (I used to wear my coon-skin cap to bed).
In the early 1950s, Walt Disney began designing a
huge amusement park to be built near Los Angeles. He intended Disneyland to
have educational as well as amusement value and to entertain adults and their
children. Land was bought in the farming community of Anaheim; about 25 miles
southeast of Los Angeles, and construction began in 1954. In the summer of
1955, special invitations were sent out for the opening of Disneyland on July
17. Unfortunately, the pass was counterfeited and thousands of uninvited people
were admitted into Disneyland on opening day. The park was not ready for the
public: food and drink ran out, a women's high-heel shoe got stuck in the wet
asphalt of Main Street USA, and the Mark Twain Steamboat nearly capsized from
too many passengers.
Disneyland soon recovered, however, and attractions
such as the Castle, Mr. Toad's Wild Ride, Snow White's Adventures, Space
Station X-1, Jungle Cruise, and Stage Coach drew countless children and their
parents. Special events and the continual building of new state-of-the-art
attractions encouraged them to visit again. In 1965, work began on an even
bigger Disney theme park and resort near Orlando, Florida. Walt Disney died in
1966, and Walt Disney World was opened in his honor on October 1, 1971. Epcot
Center, Disney-MGM Studios, and Animal Kingdom were later added to Walt Disney
World, and it remains Florida's premier tourist attraction. In 1983, Disneyland
Tokyo opened in Japan, and in 1992 Disneyland Paris--or
"EuroDisney"--opened to a mixed reaction in Marne-la-Vallee. The
newest Disneyland, in Hong Kong, opened its doors in September 2005.
Live Long and
Prosper….
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